Arm The Spirit 3
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![JuLy 30 Inkeeping with the govermments mediacampaign simed s portraying the Mohawk people 1s unrcason- able and unwillng 10 negoriate the Qucbec Miniserof Native Affirs rleases staement laiming th govern- ment has metall precondiionsfor he esumpion ofne- gotatons and thatth onus now leswith s Mohavks 1o resume talks. Mobawks rspond by stating that pre- conditons have not been met s police continue to disrupt e acees of food, medical supplies and Native advisos behind barricades and tha intemtiona] ob- servrs are ot in present in Kahnawake and Kahnesa- ke, Across Canada, Natives ke sction in slidaity with Mohawks and o bing atenion to their own lnd claim siruggles. Micmacsfrom the Eel Bar River Band sbandon their blockade of Highway 134 sfe the govemment agices,in wiing, 10 met withthem itk one month 1o discus hei land clams nd other grevances. The blockade, consiucted out of cars and large logs, had been erecied Saturday where the highway enters the AUGUST 1,1990 A large crowd of angry Chatesugusy residents gaber i hesrees 10 protestthe Mohaw blockade of the MercierBridge demanding ha the army be brought 1 Oka,a local non-Native merchant has s store vandalized aftr aending own meetng and voicing upport of the Mohawks. Because unlmited sccess by the medis nsid the Kanesaake barcade s demoralizng, Mohawks decide 1o retum the relatonship o more ormalone and limit accesstospecificarea. A aresul hemediawithdraws, ciing falsely, thebaring ofthe MotreslGazetieaspart of the reason (the Monireal Gazete s bared from Kahnawake and Kanesatake becauseof i acist et~ sis policie). AUGUST 2, 1990 ‘Quebec Premier Bourasss hods a news confer- ence alongside epresentativs of the Assembly of Firs. Nations t announce the Quebee goverment’s sccep- e of al the Assembly of Firt Nation’s (AFN) pr- conditions 10 resume negotaions on the dismantlingof Mohawk baricades. Quebee Provincial Police (QP), armed with scarch warranis, nfec major sationsand seize vide- otapes contaning footage o the July 11 polic astault on Kunesatake, partculaly that of “masked and smed individuals atacking vehicler Jouralists covering the sundoff grow incress- ingly frustrated at th lack o acces bohind the barr- ades. Mobawk represenatives meet with eporiers to Jain that many Warrors worry sbout the medi sortingheisoriesa theyfelt wronged by ournsliss covering the pro- and anti-gambling confic in Ak- It GUST 3, 1990 In orde 10 increase ani-Naive sentimen, Chy teauguay residents block rsh-hour rafic onthe nessby ‘Champlain bidge. The mob claimed this cton was to pressure the govemment nt taking action againstthe Naive blockade ofthe Mercie bridgs. AUGUST 5, 1990 Premicr Boursssa ssues an ulimatum 10 Mo- vk o resum 0 the egoniating able within 48 hours orthe province wil take spproprise scton. Canadian represetaives contine 1 sste that they have met preconditonsforth contnuing of nego- tiaious, although Naives say i is simply not tre. Naives eiterae their three precondtions as 8 food, ‘water,cohing and medica supplis must flow fecly o the 2 reserves; b)legal advsors, Clan mothers and spiritul leaders must hav free access and o longer faceharassmentapon esering and leaving he reserves; and o) intermational observers, o ensure imparislity, mustbepresnt. Natives st f hesepreconditons are. notmet withinthe theeaened 48 hourshey will aveno ther choice but 0 prtect and defend theibaricades. In n stcmpt 0 o-esablsh good reltions with the media, Nativs ssue some easonable gidelines for the ressiofollow. Guidelines nclode: seting sppoit- mens for inteviews; no media tendance st public meeings,unless invited; having the media guided by 8 ‘memberf the mediarelations cam; and requesting they say backof resticed aeas AUGUST 6, 1990 Mobawks sae they i denounce it s a threat. Frastated commters continue o stageblockades of theirownto show thei anger at govermment inaction and,agan, o build ant-nave sentiment. Atant-ntive protests in Chateaugoay, leruare and evidence was collcted which confims the organizing ofthe Ku Klux Klan, ignore the ulimatun snd AUGUST 7,199 “The hourof Bourassa’s ulimatum passes with no acton seen on the pant of the govemment or police ‘Dozznsof Oka esidens fle the town earinga vioent showdoun. AUGUST 8,199 Premicr Bourassa calls in the army undes the preenseof“ensurng public safety”and s aback-up for the Surete du Quebee (5Q - Quebee police). AUGUST 11,1990 Naives, mostly Ojibwa,blockade 2 Canadian onal Ralway lines sriching acros thei terriory in Longlac, Ontaro demanding tha the govermment ad- dres i and cains. AUGUST 12,199 ‘At about 1000 pm, a poice force, comprised of QPP and Royal Canadian Mouned Police (ROMP - Canadian polic force) atack an ani-Natve demonsts tion of 2000 eopleatthe Mercier Bridge blockade it tear gas Policeviolenlyatack another demonstaicn ona drawbridge clscwhers over the SL. Lawrence Seawa s was also a protestagaint cotinued Native lock- ades. 150 riot gear clad cops charge demonstesors pinning them 10 th ground and icking them repest. edly. Obers arehit withclobs and police damge cars usd by proestrs o block the parrow bridge. Eight peopleareaesied. About 200 peopl, some ammed with baseball bats, ollow polics and the arestedio the polce saon whero they destroy two squad cars and brake ‘windows n the stion. An agreementissigned n the 3 precondidionsfor negotiations and alks resume. A priority and frstftem, ontheagendais thetems by whichpoliceand army may be withdeawn from Kahnavake and Kanesaiake. AUGUST 13, 199 tinue with conrontatons becween police and protesors leading 1 over 2 dozen amests. Ones agein, th polce use tea gas 0 quel roters. 200 Natve eaders from across Cansds gt 0 crash the Premier’s snnul conferencein Winzipeg but areprevenied from eering by riot gear-clad police. A few offduty polie and ex-police offcers are idenified as among the more violent acst demonsira. tors in Chateaugusy. AUGUST 14 More than 2,600 Canadisn soldiers ina convoy of 1,14 millay vehicls ake posiion near Kahnawake. 54 Kanesatake. The roops move int 4 locations: St. Benoitand Blsinvill,within 20kmof Ok, St e, 20 kmsouthof Kahnawake; and Faraham, 60k souh st of Kahnavake. Ani-blockade demonsraors clash with polics sgsin. AUGUST 15 Miliary presence a Kahnawake and Kanesatske isclarly not inended 1o control civilunvest s prev- ously sisted. Throughou the areas, ammed forees are backed by 60 amored personnel carriers, 20 smored vehicls equipped withheavy plows, 20 armored rockst unchersand more with helicopte ganships o provide it suppor. Ceruainly the obectve i o hreaten and ul- imately assault the Mohaw: peopls i the 2 srea. A beavily armed 6-person reconnassance toam from the Cansdian Ammy comes clos 10 provoking ‘ammed confrontation on the perimeter of the Oka golf course. The incident was immediaely reporied 1o ob- serversfrom the Intrmational Human Righis Comn sion and a formal complaint will b lodged Previously,milary spoterplanes andhelicoptrs armed with heavy-calibe machine guns are sighied. Upon questining the Assstant Deputy Miniser sates hatthese milary acts ae administativ. AUGUST 16 Negotiaions 1o end the sandoff a2 moved 10 & secetlocation at Mohawks request 0 avoid continued harassment by reporters, A spokesperson for CN Rail requests Ontaro Provincal Polce (OPP)interventonto end a il block- ade by Ojbwa naives in Longlac, Ontaio. The OPP refuses 10 intervene while negotitons between the Ojbwa and govermment officals are taking plac. AUGUST 17 ‘GeneralJohn de Chastelin sanounces that army will replace police 8 both barricades a the request of Premer Baurses (CN secks Supreme Courtinjunciontoremoverail blockade by Ojibwa in Langlac “ThePic Mobent Bandblockades aCP Railline ear Whie River, 300 km northweser of Sault S, Marie, Ontri, AUGUST 18 ‘Supreme Court grants CN Rail request for an i juncion rdering Ofibwa o remove tei rail lockade. in Longhac. Ojibwa natives refuse 1o dismantle the blockade. Brigadier General Armand Roy, Commander of the Sih Mechanized Brigade announces he has given onders 0 over 1,400 soldicrs o prpare o replsce QPP atboih baricade, AUGUST 19 ‘Undes threat of imminent attac by OPP, Ojibwa natves dismande the ral barricade 3 an ctof good i, AUGUST 20 ‘Army moves intoreplace policeat Mercer ridge barricades. Police buricades are dismaniled and the ammy posions armored vehicls, equipped with heavy calbee machine guns and rocket launchers sbout 100 metses away fom the Mohawk baricade. Earth movers atcposioned behindthearmored vehicles and soldiers digtreaches nd stup sand bag baricades. Simila - crtions ke place i S other locstons around Kaha ke, In Kanesaake, Mohawks suspend negotstons](arm-the-spirit-3-augsept-1990 2.png)
![open i up immedintly. SEPTEMBER 3 ‘Army begias o move i a1 7:30 s snd withi 30 ‘minuies, soldiers and 35 armored vehicles posiion themsclves approximately 40 metres fiom trenches around Mohswk headguarters. Mohawks espond othe. ‘move by further forifying their perineier by digging ‘mre trenches and by downing s As patof the army’s campig of pychological warfare, soldiers et up huge floodlighsshinng i the. ‘Mobawk headquariers windows 24 hoors a day and. denies access of f00d, medical supplies and Native, advisors. QPP begin o se up check poiat n various o tions around Ok, Curt Lessar, a Mobaw i aresiod tryingt0cross a checkpoint aftr leaving 8 nearby foo- dban whereabout S0 Mohawk people ve besnholed up since the amny invasion. He ischarged with 10 of- fenses. It s discovered tha 2 other Mohawks, Deanis LaFrance and Gabriel Sicote, have also been arted. Police efuse o iven information on howimany people have been arresed s fo. AL6:30pm, ammy troops,followed closely by SQ invade Kabnawake and head ssigh fothe Longhoust a sacred Naiive meeting place. Troopt aso cncircle ‘cookhouse where 35 wimmin forn a humanbaricade an atempt o stop roops rom advancing, Polic que tion about 75 people onc inside the Longhouse. Three areijured in the combined mlitrypolice sssaul nd aretakentothe orpital One womyn hadherrbsbroken afer being sashed wih the but of arife. ne, the Nativ erriory which was the just s past May, Natves dem- onstating in solidarity with Mohavks beind barr- cades overtam 2 QPP cars and smash the windows of 8 polce o About S0 members of the Aldervill ndian Band disrupt rafic on Highway 45 with pick-up trcks and carsslowing down tafic o a near crawl. SEPTEMBER 4 Inan actof solidariy, Chippews Natives down 5, 40-metze high hydro eleciric owers bevween London, Ontaro and Lambion genering plant near Saria cut ting power at 222 am. Damage is estimated 2 up 1o 750,000, A4 3:15 pm, Mobawk wimmin in Kanessake re- spond to the army’s atempt 10 inch thei baricade of razo wir forwaed by pushing wooden barerin front. of . The wimimin are successfl in geting th amy to retum the razor wire 0 the former positon, Verbal confrontaions between Mohawks snd the smy ensuc. a5 soldiers rush 1o th scene aking positons long the Policedisplay arms which hey claim e scized during the rid on the Kahnawake Longhouse. Mo- havwks respond to this police atemps to disredit Mo- awks and justify the asault on Longhouse,in which 3 Peaple were hospialized, by relessng 3 communigue. stating he wespons do not belong o then. Police are challengedto showpicturesof e weaponsathe i of seizure which s common police procedur. Highway 6, just south of Tobermory, Ontario is blocked by over 100 Native people from Cape Croker and Saugeen tesories. ‘Natives of th Six Nations tertory bgin s block- ade of Highway 54 where it an through heitrriory. SEPTEMBER 5 ‘The amy furher increaes i’s stanglehold on Kanesaake eritory by sringng razor wire scross the Otawa River o snare boats tat atempt o leave. A shoving maich ensues between soldier and & Mohawk who siempted o receve amiroefrombehind. barricades which the army had solen at a el dte Although unsuccessfal,the Mohavik evaded soldier’s attempisto detainbin. The Mohawks hadbeen sing e, giant o 0 reflctthe loodlghts the army hs fo- cussed on the Moawk headguartrs. Ntiveson the Bruce Trail Peinsulasdd logs o heisbaicades sctoss Highway 6. Nativesof the Six Nationsterioryblockadehigh- way and il lnes through thei and SEPTEMBER 6 Merser Bridge is e-opened 1o trfi but srmy forces maintaintheirpresence in th ars SEPTEMBER 7 (Capialispress idenifies nd publshes names of some individus] Warrors, Peigan Naives, fire waming shots 10 prevent RCMP from moving in environment crews and hesvy cquipment nio the ste where they have been working foroveramonth o diversthe Oldman Rier,in sn effort 1o siop the goverment dam projectthere. This S350- million project, whichis 75% complete,will lood nd destroy Naive lands. Naivesoffera-pointplanfocesston ofhosili- ties;th pln i rejected by the Canadian government. SEPTEMBER§ ‘Ontariocourt grantsannterimnjoncion baning Six Naions Natives fom blocking a CN Rail spur ine. hrough Brantord and Highwsy 51, (CBC pull s reporersand v camers crews from Mobawk headquares, An inreasing mumber of Native snd non-Native: supporers are gahering n a park on the outskins of Ok A warrantisssued for Miton Bom With A Tooh. He s charged wih the unlawful use snd unlawol dis- charge of afireamn rlaing o Sptember when Peigan Naives fred warming shots inanaiemp o resst police atcmpts 1o move heavy equipment and crews entesng their Okdman River diverson e A S1-year-old Native man st the testment e is severly beaien by soldirs who came through the wire He haslaceraions tha equie stiches nd i told e mst come out and b reated by semy medics,which, s toally unacceptable. SEPTEMBER 9 SixNations Ntives end blockade of CN Rl ater court injuncion s granted on Saurday. RCMP leave site where Peigan Natives have been digging adiversion sie. The reseat comes afer Courtof ‘Queen’s Bench justicemakes pleafors calmingof en- sions fearing increased miliant ressance o dam proj- ectby Naives. SEPTEMBER 10 AWarior Tie ierakeroon, whothad een hospi. talzed afier September &b beating by soldies signs sgrecment with army allowing himself 10 be taken to military insitaon for up 10 30 days while polce inves- tigue. SEPTEMBER 11 Bourassa rjects Mohawk peace proposal caling for ajont commission with the Qucbec snd Canadian Eovemments 1o invesigate evenss sumounding, the tand-off. The proposal sl would have the 39 hecisres of land thattrigered the stand-of tumed ove 1o Mo- hawks. As wel, while the nvestigation commenced, ‘Warriors would bedetined by thearmy. QPP woaldrnol e parofnvestgation ecause of fea hat thy are ot forrevenge. “Ti Kiestakeroon and his companion e taken by milaryescor from th millary compound s Farnham 10 he QPP and both ar charged with various offenses TieKietakeroon faces severalchargesincluding pubic ‘mischief, obstruction of jusic, possession of s danger. ‘ous weapon,disobeying courtrder and wearing adis- uise. ‘Subseguent o the ejection of the September St offer, Ntives prseat 0 the govemment second pro- posalto ceas he hosilies. SEPTEMBER 13 AL7:35 pm, army cutsall hone snd fu s tothe Tretment Cenreand shor wave adio coniac betwoen Warrior and cutside i jammed. Warriorssec only sble 10 commanicate by celular phone. The Amny informs medisthat there is o guarantces fortheir safety snd renews its demand for unconditonsl surender by Mohawks “The QPP cstabishs road blocks a Highways 344 and 640, blocking all access o the soldarity Pesce ‘Camp and coninues 10 harass people by sopping and. searching all vhicls in the arca. “The army cuis off acces o presription drgs 10 people behind the lnes. SEPTEMBER 14 Anlficial with the Six Natios loguois Confed- cray sates that Natves willstikeouta ydro snd sl lines across Canads f any Moawk bloodissilledinn armed sand-of, staing “they can’ guard it ll Inetaliotonfor aving hei phonelines cur, War siors disconnec an amy hodline hat s v fo diect talks with rmy offcal, eaving them withonly celllsr phones ‘Ammy pessonnel vhicles nd spprosimately 300 $Qund 105Q vansclose highway 132 off o taffic and proceed o camy ou aids on buidings inth ares. SEPTEMBER 15 Acouinjunciionis swarded allowing the QPP 1o ut o celllar communicaton from the Warrior com. pound which means great ificuly for thenews media 1o get photos and sories out. Canadian Association of Joumalists ssus siate- ments denouncing the cuting of joumalists’ phone lines. SEPTEMBER 18 Avspprovimately 2:05 pm, under the pretext of sarching for weapons, « combined force of army and polie nvade Kahnawake. Soldirsfire pprosimately 1020 waming shots nd fire tear gas dirctly into the crowd of 300 Mobawks. With nowhere torereat, doz- ens of men, womyn and chidren jump nto the figi . Lawrenceriver o escapethe burning . 75 Mohawks (some of them small chikdren and the lderly) and 19 soldiers are ifured. In ks, empersbrefly flare 23 Wartior, inplain viewofsoldiers, cuts through azor wireto walkontothe beachand reiieves 2 army smoke cannistrs. Lter, o dies, with bayonets affxed stand waich a5 another 8r0up repairs e broken wire. SEPTEMBER 19 “The ammy says i will ot et the resstance yeser- day preventthem from continuing thei sarch or i den wespons in Kahnawake. Mohawks site further confrontations will be met with strong resistance. SEPTEMBER 20 Canadian Civil Libees Assocision calls for sn inquiry into the actions of the army in Qucbec a3 it s charged with violating th Chareer of Righis. The Asto- citonalso cals on Bill MeKright, Ministrof Defense, 1o einsae elephone communication for joumaliss, ‘The Deputy Premierof Qusbec, speaking in the absence of the vacaioning Premicr, sais that th prov-](arm-the-spirit-3-augsept-1990 4.png)
fi(l:m ilihe Splrit
'AUGUST/SEPTEMBER
1990
No. 3
On September 281, th lstofthe resisting Mo-
hawk people Ift the Kanesstske Treatment Centre,
bringing an cnd 1 the L1-week sundoff between the
Mohawk Nation and their alles, and sate securty
forces. Before laving o be taken 1o & earby miliary
base andihen ontoprosecution, Mohawksopied o burm
their wespons 0 communication cquipment rather
than have them fall ino the hands of enemy forces. AL
this point, the i e information on the development
ofthestaes'prsecutionof the Mohawks andtheralles
asallthosenvolved nthe ials are forbiddentodiscuss
it publicy. Whati presenly known, is that at least &
Warrors ae bing detined and havebeca denid bal
‘Weillrintnformation onhe al and sopport organ.
izingfor Mobawk defendants 15 we receive .
This specal bllein of ARM THE SPIRIT is
devoted 10 all those presently facing sate prosecuton
for defending their communites 1nd advancing the.
struggleof Ntive sovereigaty. Thebulkof tisssue we
present s th second half of a chronology of events
sumounding the siruggle in Mohaw Nation erto
thefirstappearsin ur astisue. tshoped hattogether
ey willprovide arly detaled account of events and
insight oo the states” esponse 0 uch a siution.
‘The sandoff boganinth carly morming hours of
July 11,1990 when Mohawks in Kenesaake success
fully esisicd a polie assaulon the baricads ey had
rectedfourmonthscarltohalthe cxpansionof a gl
courseentotheilad Latertha day, nan st o soldar-
ity, the Mohawks of Kahnawske biockaded al scess
rouies o the eritory, ncluding the Mercer Brdge, 8
‘major commter lnk o the city of Morirel.
ince then, Mohawks in botheritores have been
forced 0 defend theis commurites agiost massive.
counte-insurgency campaign waged by the govern.
mea. Thiscampaign involved a careful manipulationof
thepress anda barage of physica ssauls,clminatng
i the miliary invasion of bosh eritoris,
‘One aspect of the stse disinformation campaign
hasbeena consantttemp1o isolae anderiminalizethe
‘Warrors of the Mohaw: Natio. Throughou the stand-
off the media presened the Mohawk communiy a5
being fundamenally divided beween Warriors, who,
theycharacierizeda extrmistsandcriminals and o,
‘moderate Mohawks, who they presentd as following.
‘Warror demands outoffer. The purpose of tis s
gy was twofold. By depicing the Mohawk communi.
ties as under siege by Warriors, the govemment at.
temptedio crestea ustifcationforamliary nvasionas
wel asintroduce anelement o slf-doub o the Mo-
hawk communitie themselves, by which ey couldbe.
ided. Despte tis, Mohawks behind the baricades
have beca unicd i resistng he sutes”war o then.
“The sate also enlisted the med n it efors o
place blame on Mohawks fo fuling o reach a pesceful
solution. Govermment spokespeople attibuted tis 1o
Whatthey said were new precondilionsconsantly being
st by Mohawks for the continuance of negotsions.
However, in realiy, nothing coud b furber from the
trth. Throughout the standoff, Mohawks maintined
the sume tree bsic precondiionsfos negoiations; un-
impeded access of food, medical supplies and other
a team of inemational observrs be present 1 both
‘Mohawk eriories throughout the negoiaing process
10 monitor aggression by sae orces. It has been state
aggression and latant volaion of these precondions
that has rendered a paceful sluton impossble. Erly
agreements 1o have police presence reduced were never
met. Sute forces have consistenty blocked aceess of
food and much needed medical supplis and hve ssbo-
1aged talks by refusing to let ey negotistors behind
Tines. T many cases, people trying 10 emer or leave
Mobaw trrories have been ilegally desined snd
subjected 1o hysical abuse.
As wel, police and millary allowed racsts 1o
tiack Mohawk people withimpunty. Thishasparica-
Jarly been the case for the Mohawks of Kahnawake. In
one nstanc, police prposelysalled Mobaw failis
atempting 0 leave Kahnawake,alowing asmll group
of racis demonsiratorsgathering outside e terory 1o
grow into a larg crowd. When Mohawks stempied o
leave, theircars wereauacked with hal of rocks snd
botls, eaving one Mohawk, Joe Armstrong, desd snd
several ohersinjurd. Police stood by and wached.
Police and milary complicty in rais atacks
extends even furher. Throughoot the standof staie
forcs have done liule while raciss, sometimes ammed
ith bascbal bas, have prevented food and medical
supplis from entering Kahnavwake As wellex-andoff-
duty police have been idetified 4 being smang the
most millant and violen of he racis dsmensiraors
whohad gathered almstighilyn Chateaugoay. s
his climate thas Mohawks eas eprisls for e actions
subsequent o the ending of the sundolf.
“The sute’s unwillingness 1o meet preccndiions
throughout th suandolf s indication that they had o
intention of negotiating from the beginaing. Ratber,
they prefrred 10 opt for 8 sirsegy based on sallng of
negoliaions whil camying out a caefully orchestated
disntormaton campaign simed a building sentiment
which would help josify a militay invasion. This was
accompenicd by constant physical atacks aimed at
presuring Mobawks into submission withoutcreating
oy manyes
On September 1, with the Mercier Brdge barr-
cades inthe proces of oming down, it became apparent
that e stte fel the conditons creted by tisand ther
long disinformation campaign would sllow for a full-
scale milary assault o the Mohawk teritories, Tat
same day a major milaryfoliceforc, eqipped with
heavy weaponry, vehicls and sir suppor invaded
Kancsatake, iring shots a5 they advanced. A few days
laer, combined millarypolice force invaded Kahn.
wake brutalizing Mohawks, inuring ot of . Sste
forcs didat maintaina srong presence in Kabmawake.
il September 18 when they invaded once agan, s
time under the pretext of searching for weapons. So-
diers moved in ssuing gunfve and tea gas, foring,
dozensof Mohawk people, secking efuge, o rgid .
Lawtence River watrs
In Kanesatake, the days that followed the ifal
sttacksaw he ilary employ every acicthey couldto
subduedhe Moawks. As themiliary dvanced, sldirs
physicalyassalied Mobawk people. Inone atacka 1.
year-old man was beaten so badly that he re
immediste hospital care. Meanwhile, police crested a
vinul police stte of the suounding sie, seting vp
check poins, closing access 0 3 peice camp whers
people had gahered i solidaiy, and carying outnu-
merous rids on buildings whers some Mohawks hid
taken sheleramidst he ammy assaul.
‘Ones the milary had surrounded the Trestment
(Centre where Mohawks had eteated to, hey e
continued on the back page
JuLy 30
Inkeeping with the govermments mediacampaign
simed s portraying the Mohawk people 1s unrcason-
able and unwillng 10 negoriate the Qucbec Miniserof
Native Affirs rleases staement laiming th govern-
ment has metall precondiionsfor he esumpion ofne-
gotatons and thatth onus now leswith s Mohavks
1o resume talks. Mobawks rspond by stating that pre-
conditons have not been met s police continue to
disrupt e acees of food, medical supplies and Native
advisos behind barricades and tha intemtiona] ob-
servrs are ot in present in Kahnawake and Kahnesa-
ke,
Across Canada, Natives ke sction in slidaity
with Mohawks and o bing atenion to their own lnd
claim siruggles.
Micmacsfrom the Eel Bar River Band sbandon
their blockade of Highway 134 sfe the govemment
agices,in wiing, 10 met withthem itk one month
1o discus hei land clams nd other grevances. The
blockade, consiucted out of cars and large logs, had
been erecied Saturday where the highway enters the
AUGUST 1,1990
A large crowd of angry Chatesugusy residents
gaber i hesrees 10 protestthe Mohaw blockade of
the MercierBridge demanding ha the army be brought
1 Oka,a local non-Native merchant has s store
vandalized aftr aending own meetng and voicing
upport of the Mohawks.
Because unlmited sccess by the medis nsid the
Kanesaake barcade s demoralizng, Mohawks decide
1o retum the relatonship o more ormalone and limit
accesstospecificarea. A aresul hemediawithdraws,
ciing falsely, thebaring ofthe MotreslGazetieaspart
of the reason (the Monireal Gazete s bared from
Kahnawake and Kanesatake becauseof i acist et~
sis policie).
AUGUST 2, 1990
‘Quebec Premier Bourasss hods a news confer-
ence alongside epresentativs of the Assembly of Firs.
Nations t announce the Quebee goverment’s sccep-
e of al the Assembly of Firt Nation's (AFN) pr-
conditions 10 resume negotaions on the dismantlingof
Mohawk baricades.
Quebee Provincial Police (QP), armed with
scarch warranis, nfec major sationsand seize vide-
otapes contaning footage o the July 11 polic astault
on Kunesatake, partculaly that of “masked and smed
individuals atacking vehicler
Jouralists covering the sundoff grow incress-
ingly frustrated at th lack o acces bohind the barr-
ades. Mobawk represenatives meet with eporiers to
Jain that many Warrors worry sbout the medi
sortingheisoriesa theyfelt wronged by ournsliss
covering the pro- and anti-gambling confic in Ak-
It
GUST 3, 1990
In orde 10 increase ani-Naive sentimen, Chy
teauguay residents block rsh-hour rafic onthe nessby
‘Champlain bidge. The mob claimed this cton was to
pressure the govemment nt taking action againstthe
Naive blockade ofthe Mercie bridgs.
AUGUST 5, 1990
Premicr Boursssa ssues an ulimatum 10 Mo-
vk o resum 0 the egoniating able within 48 hours
orthe province wil take spproprise scton.
Canadian represetaives contine 1 sste that
they have met preconditonsforth contnuing of nego-
tiaious, although Naives say i is simply not tre.
Naives eiterae their three precondtions as 8 food,
‘water,cohing and medica supplis must flow fecly
o the 2 reserves; b)legal advsors, Clan mothers and
spiritul leaders must hav free access and o longer
faceharassmentapon esering and leaving he reserves;
and o) intermational observers, o ensure imparislity,
mustbepresnt. Natives st f hesepreconditons are.
notmet withinthe theeaened 48 hourshey will aveno
ther choice but 0 prtect and defend theibaricades.
In n stcmpt 0 o-esablsh good reltions with
the media, Nativs ssue some easonable gidelines for
the ressiofollow. Guidelines nclode: seting sppoit-
mens for inteviews; no media tendance st public
meeings,unless invited; having the media guided by 8
‘memberf the mediarelations cam; and requesting they
say backof resticed aeas
AUGUST 6, 1990
Mobawks sae they i
denounce it s a threat.
Frastated commters continue o stageblockades
of theirownto show thei anger at govermment inaction
and,agan, o build ant-nave sentiment. Atant-ntive
protests in Chateaugoay, leruare and evidence was
collcted which confims the organizing ofthe Ku Klux
Klan,
ignore the ulimatun snd
AUGUST 7,199
“The hourof Bourassa's ulimatum passes with no
acton seen on the pant of the govemment or police
‘Dozznsof Oka esidens fle the town earinga vioent
showdoun.
AUGUST 8,199
Premicr Bourassa calls in the army undes the
preenseof“ensurng public safety”and s aback-up for
the Surete du Quebee (5Q - Quebee police).
AUGUST 11,1990
Naives, mostly Ojibwa,blockade 2 Canadian
onal Ralway lines sriching acros thei terriory in
Longlac, Ontaro demanding tha the govermment ad-
dres i and cains.
AUGUST 12,199
‘At about 1000 pm, a poice force, comprised of
QPP and Royal Canadian Mouned Police (ROMP -
Canadian polic force) atack an ani-Natve demonsts
tion of 2000 eopleatthe Mercier Bridge blockade it
tear gas
Policeviolenlyatack another demonstaicn ona
drawbridge clscwhers over the SL. Lawrence Seawa
s was also a protestagaint cotinued Native lock-
ades. 150 riot gear clad cops charge demonstesors
pinning them 10 th ground and icking them repest.
edly. Obers arehit withclobs and police damge cars
usd by proestrs o block the parrow bridge. Eight
peopleareaesied. About 200 peopl, some ammed with
baseball bats, ollow polics and the arestedio the polce
saon whero they destroy two squad cars and brake
‘windows n the stion.
An agreementissigned n the 3 precondidionsfor
negotiations and alks resume. A priority and frstftem,
ontheagendais thetems by whichpoliceand army may
be withdeawn from Kahnavake and Kanesaiake.
AUGUST 13, 199
tinue with conrontatons becween police and protesors
leading 1 over 2 dozen amests. Ones agein, th polce
use tea gas 0 quel roters.
200 Natve eaders from across Cansds gt 0
crash the Premier's snnul conferencein Winzipeg but
areprevenied from eering by riot gear-clad police.
A few offduty polie and ex-police offcers are
idenified as among the more violent acst demonsira.
tors in Chateaugusy.
AUGUST 14
More than 2,600 Canadisn soldiers ina convoy of
1,14 millay vehicls ake posiion near Kahnawake.
54 Kanesatake. The roops move int 4 locations: St.
Benoitand Blsinvill,within 20kmof Ok, St e, 20
kmsouthof Kahnawake; and Faraham, 60k souh st
of Kahnavake.
Ani-blockade demonsraors clash with polics
sgsin.
AUGUST 15
Miliary presence a Kahnawake and Kanesatske
isclarly not inended 1o control civilunvest s prev-
ously sisted. Throughou the areas, ammed forees are
backed by 60 amored personnel carriers, 20 smored
vehicls equipped withheavy plows, 20 armored rockst
unchersand more with helicopte ganships o provide
it suppor. Ceruainly the obectve i o hreaten and ul-
imately assault the Mohaw: peopls i the 2 srea.
A beavily armed 6-person reconnassance toam
from the Cansdian Ammy comes clos 10 provoking
‘ammed confrontation on the perimeter of the Oka golf
course. The incident was immediaely reporied 1o ob-
serversfrom the Intrmational Human Righis Comn
sion and a formal complaint will b lodged
Previously,milary spoterplanes andhelicoptrs
armed with heavy-calibe machine guns are sighied.
Upon questining the Assstant Deputy Miniser sates
hatthese milary acts ae administativ.
AUGUST 16
Negotiaions 1o end the sandoff a2 moved 10 &
secetlocation at Mohawks request 0 avoid continued
harassment by reporters,
A spokesperson for CN Rail requests Ontaro
Provincal Polce (OPP)interventonto end a il block-
ade by Ojbwa naives in Longlac, Ontaio. The OPP
refuses 10 intervene while negotitons between the
Ojbwa and govermment officals are taking plac.
AUGUST 17
‘GeneralJohn de Chastelin sanounces that army
will replace police 8 both barricades a the request of
Premer Baurses
(CN secks Supreme Courtinjunciontoremoverail
blockade by Ojibwa in Langlac
“ThePic Mobent Bandblockades aCP Railline ear
Whie River, 300 km northweser of Sault S, Marie,
Ontri,
AUGUST 18
‘Supreme Court grants CN Rail request for an i
juncion rdering Ofibwa o remove tei rail lockade.
in Longhac. Ojibwa natives refuse 1o dismantle the
blockade.
Brigadier General Armand Roy, Commander of
the Sih Mechanized Brigade announces he has given
onders 0 over 1,400 soldicrs o prpare o replsce QPP
atboih baricade,
AUGUST 19
‘Undes threat of imminent attac by OPP, Ojibwa
natves dismande the ral barricade 3 an ctof good
i,
AUGUST 20
‘Army moves intoreplace policeat Mercer ridge
barricades. Police buricades are dismaniled and the
ammy posions armored vehicls, equipped with heavy
calbee machine guns and rocket launchers sbout 100
metses away fom the Mohawk baricade. Earth movers
atcposioned behindthearmored vehicles and soldiers
digtreaches nd stup sand bag baricades. Simila -
crtions ke place i S other locstons around Kaha
ke,
In Kanesaake, Mohawks suspend negotstons
afe it i leamed tht the army intnds t extend their
perimeer into the demiliarized 200e sepaating both
barmicades
“The Pic Mobert Band receves s courtinjonctionto
dismantle thir -day old baicade
AvGUST21
Justasthe ic Mobers Band blockade of the CP il
line in White River i coming down andtrsng are e
againbeginaing tomove,naives onthe Pay Plat Native
tertitory (120 km norhesst of Thunder Bay) ercct 8
barricade on CP Rail's min line, effecively bringing
s 10. al nce again. CP Rail immedistly secks a
‘ount injuncion o have th blockade removed.
AvGusT2
An ambulance ransporing a Mohawk womyn
experiencing srious complicationsafie arly morning
childbinth, and her newborn, s siopped by a rcis o
‘while atimpting 1 cross the Mercer Bri
hosita in Montreal. The mob demands o see inside
e ambulance forproof of th kgitmacy of the cmer-
eacy. Afte sbout an hour of delay,daring which time
the womyn s severely hemorrhaging the smbulance is
alowed 10 pass through o 10 the Brdge where she is
ransfered 1o & Monres ambulsnce
At approximately 4:15 pm, § Kahnavake Mo-
hawks retuming from work arive t the baricade st
Route 207 anly o find a crowd of rcist demonsrators.
In order to avoid incdent, the Mohawks decide 1
proceed 1o the access rouie 1o Kahawake on
Highway 132 However,they arive atthis sccess
pointonly o find anothr racst mob. Here the
Mohawks attempt enty ino thei teriory.
Asthey pass the crowd, a roc s thrown t.
tho lead Mohawk vehicle, The vehicle
ops,the men get out nd a ight ensues.
‘The SQubserve the rcist atack from n-
de thei cas and do nothing, Three or
four amy soldiers approach the Mo-
hawks and tell them to ot he neutral
2ome. The soldiers then take the Mo-
hawksidentification cards and give them
101he SQ. Duringthis e, represent-
tive o the Kahmawake jutice commite.
amivesand informs the Mohawk men that
the SQ has Iid 8 charges against them. A
Thiee of he men rsist and cross ver Mohawk
AUGUST28
Negotiatons are suspended ss the govemment
continues 0 refuse 0 ecogaize Mohawks as members
of a sovercign mtion.
AUGUST26
Mhawks begin to consider opening upa lans on
the Mercie Bridge toallow the pasage of traic.
‘Canadian troops and QPP stand by s non-Natve
‘mabs sopthe passage offood and medical spplie into
Kahnawke in vioatlon of the govermment agreement.
Amemberof he ntemational Human RightsFed
ention, the groupof ntermationalobservrs,hs hiscar
atacked by s crowd wiclding basebal bais tying 10
prevent him from entering the Kahnavake reseve. He.
siaes“we've neverknown suchdiffculies while aciing
a5 observers in conflcs n other couniies” and "t
only persons who have trested me in civilized way in
{his mater her is Canad are the Mobawks.”
AvGUST 21
Hours fer ks are ended by federal and provi-
i negotaions Mohawks are t0ld that the army will
e 50 e Wy SRR
baricades. The therfiv arsaken o cusody. “ d
Later, in Chateaugay,a racis mob atacks
‘Vancouver.based photographe of Mexisn descent, Q
mistakenly believing h Is 8 Mohawk. The mob kicks
and it onhim shouting acist sl s foces i 10
expose hs film.
AuGUsT 3
In an caly moring manceuver, the army ad
‘vances s milay position 1172 kam loser o the west
emfront of Kanssatke
At9:30 am, bus ransporing Mobawk negotia-
ors 0 8 Trapist Monastery i the town of Oka s su
rounded by 4 amy anks and 60 calibre guns a1 aimed
in atth occopanis.
Anoiher groupof negotaorsfrom the Akwasasne
Mohawkteritoryarealso detsined sndrefused sccess o
thearea,
AuGUST 24
Negotiaions ente a crical siage as represen-
tives specificlly address the removal of baricades in
Kabnawake snd Kanesatake
Racist mob, some armed with basebal bats and
ifon bars gather round Kahnawake snd prevent food
and medica supplies from enteing the terrory.
In Kanesaake, the army advances s posiion
within 20 km of Mohawk baricades jeopsrdizing delc
begin1o tar down Mohawk baricades.
“Thearmy ssts i will s force only if bliged o
dosoby Warriors", nd that it has the foce ecessary 1o
overwhelmthe Mohawks. Mohawks s his a 3 decls-
aton of ware and sat “Now that war s being forced
ponus, we will tum our hears and minds 1 war and it
100 we il wage with sl our might. Ours i just snd
honarable positon, it flows from ous laws andour ways.
Our nemies have o such honour”
AL spproximatcly 10:30 ampm??, in Kaness-
take,the army s thei guns a Mohawk lneswhilea-
emping 0 move a vhicle into the dispued triory.
Within minutes, Mobawk people confront the srmy
move and th areais swamned by reporters. The sy
immediaely lowers ther weapons and reizeas their
hrestending advance.
AUGUST 28
‘Asfamilesatempt o leave the Kabnawake terr-
tory, a racist mob of 500 throws rocks and botles st
them. Windshields are broken and many people are
njured, including a small baby it in th fce by a rock.
Despite theie iniilly only being a few demonsrators,
police et thecrowd buid by slowly checking th iden
ification of everyons attemping o lesve Kahnawske,
even babics,
i order 0 insill n image of the Wariors s ter.
rorists,a milary videoof the Warrios rmed forifica-
ons and weaparryis shown o the federa cabinet snd
the medi
Malroney wams that ime s p and that the amy.
willinvade very soon.
T Toront, 12 protstes are amsied outside the
fedenal government office downtown. Later 800 sup-
porterstie uprush-our affic while marching o' large
nlly a Queen's Par.
AUGUST 29
‘Army snd Mohawks work togeher o dismantle
burricades on the Mercier Bridge. It s not known
‘whetherthis is a3 resultof ks o sn arecment on the
frontlines. The Mercer Bridge couldbeopenina couple
of days,
Mobavwks
will remain inact.
Kanesaiake sat tha theisbarcades
AUGUST 30
‘Natves seothatonce agan thirtrsthas bocnvio-
Iatedas the army anmounces the Nativeswill bing down
baricades hemselves withthe rmy helping nly when
necessary. As a esult work on dismanting the bari.
ades stops and tlks between the amy and Mobawks
collspse.
AUGUST 31
T s gestore o good futh, Mobawks of
Kahnawake begin,once agan, o dismanile
the barricadeson the Mercie Bridge.
CP Rail files a note of i's it 10
sue 2 Native bands that blocked is rail
lines.Ina sstement, it s8id it would sve
the Pays Plat Ojbwa Band for S3T-mil.
Tion 10 recover damages caused by their
3-day rail blockade.
T West Brlin, people occupy the
‘Canadisn Milary consl n 4 sction
ofsolidarty withthe Mobawk peopl.
SEPTEMBER 1
Ammored persomnel cariers and army
rops backed by helicoptes and tiled by 3
town busfilled with provincial police dressod
iniotgear begin theradvanceon Kanesatake, By
1030 am, the milfry reaches the pine forest jost
outside f the dispuied golf cours aea nd soldirs fire
S shots early hiting severalpeopleasthey advance.
Vel conrontaions ensue between soldier and
retrating Mohawksas amny coninucs 1o advancointhe
teritory. By 1:00 pm, the ammy had reached and sur.
rounded s commiunity cenir filled with 100 Mobaw.
Joe Ammstrong dies o whats belived t behesrt
failure 2 a esult of being soned by racst mob on
Augusi28.
SEPTEMBER 2
AC8:15pm, the amy reachesand skes control of
the last remaining Kanesaiake barrcade on Highway
34, Soldiers backed by amored persomnel cariers
quickly suroundth area with barbed wire and by night
£l the msin Mok baricade made o arge logs, in
and police vehicles commandeered from the sbortive
July 11 ai,is dismantied.
Mohaws rerest o thei headquarers (formerly
a0 slcoholtestmen centre)abous 270 metrs rom the
baricade and begin o forfy theidefenses by igging
renches. Mohawks invie 13 joumalists to the head-
quariers 1o witnes the antiipated sssaut
Troops clar e lastof the Mohawk baricades on
e Mescies Bridge and choose o occupy i, rather thn
open i up immedintly.
SEPTEMBER 3
‘Army begias o move i a1 7:30 s snd withi 30
‘minuies, soldiers and 35 armored vehicles posiion
themsclves approximately 40 metres fiom trenches
around Mohswk headguarters. Mohawks espond othe.
‘move by further forifying their perineier by digging
‘mre trenches and by downing s
As patof the army's campig of pychological
warfare, soldiers et up huge floodlighsshinng i the.
‘Mobawk headquariers windows 24 hoors a day and.
denies access of f00d, medical supplies and Native,
advisors.
QPP begin o se up check poiat n various o
tions around Ok, Curt Lessar, a Mobaw i aresiod
tryingt0cross a checkpoint aftr leaving 8 nearby foo-
dban whereabout S0 Mohawk people ve besnholed
up since the amny invasion. He ischarged with 10 of-
fenses.
It s discovered tha 2 other Mohawks, Deanis
LaFrance and Gabriel Sicote, have also been arted.
Police efuse o iven information on howimany people
have been arresed s fo.
AL6:30pm, ammy troops,followed closely by SQ
invade Kabnawake and head ssigh fothe Longhoust
a sacred Naiive meeting place. Troopt aso cncircle
‘cookhouse where 35 wimmin forn a humanbaricade
an atempt o stop roops rom advancing, Polic que
tion about 75 people onc inside the Longhouse. Three
areijured in the combined mlitrypolice sssaul nd
aretakentothe orpital One womyn hadherrbsbroken
afer being sashed wih the but of arife.
ne, the Nativ erriory which was the
just s past May, Natves dem-
onstating in solidarity with Mohavks beind barr-
cades overtam 2 QPP cars and smash the windows of 8
polce o
About S0 members of the Aldervill ndian Band
disrupt rafic on Highway 45 with pick-up trcks and
carsslowing down tafic o a near crawl.
SEPTEMBER 4
Inan actof solidariy, Chippews Natives down 5,
40-metze high hydro eleciric owers bevween London,
Ontaro and Lambion genering plant near Saria cut
ting power at 222 am. Damage is estimated 2 up 1o
750,000,
A4 3:15 pm, Mobawk wimmin in Kanessake re-
spond to the army's atempt 10 inch thei baricade of
razo wir forwaed by pushing wooden barerin front.
of . The wimimin are successfl in geting th amy to
retum the razor wire 0 the former positon, Verbal
confrontaions between Mohawks snd the smy ensuc.
a5 soldiers rush 1o th scene aking positons long the
Policedisplay arms which hey claim e scized
during the rid on the Kahnawake Longhouse. Mo-
havwks respond to this police atemps to disredit Mo-
awks and justify the asault on Longhouse,in which 3
Peaple were hospialized, by relessng 3 communigue.
stating he wespons do not belong o then. Police are
challengedto showpicturesof e weaponsathe i of
seizure which s common police procedur.
Highway 6, just south of Tobermory, Ontario is
blocked by over 100 Native people from Cape Croker
and Saugeen tesories.
‘Natives of th Six Nations tertory bgin s block-
ade of Highway 54 where it an through heitrriory.
SEPTEMBER 5
‘The amy furher increaes i's stanglehold on
Kanesaake eritory by sringng razor wire scross the
Otawa River o snare boats tat atempt o leave.
A shoving maich ensues between soldier and &
Mohawk who siempted o receve amiroefrombehind.
barricades which the army had solen at a el dte
Although unsuccessfal,the Mohavik evaded soldier’s
attempisto detainbin. The Mohawks hadbeen sing e,
giant o 0 reflctthe loodlghts the army hs fo-
cussed on the Moawk headguartrs.
Ntiveson the Bruce Trail Peinsulasdd logs o
heisbaicades sctoss Highway 6.
Nativesof the Six Nationsterioryblockadehigh-
way and il lnes through thei and
SEPTEMBER 6
Merser Bridge is e-opened 1o trfi but srmy
forces maintaintheirpresence in th ars
SEPTEMBER 7
(Capialispress idenifies nd publshes names of
some individus] Warrors,
Peigan Naives, fire waming shots 10 prevent
RCMP from moving in environment crews and hesvy
cquipment nio the ste where they have been working
foroveramonth o diversthe Oldman Rier,in sn effort
1o siop the goverment dam projectthere. This S350-
million project, whichis 75% complete,will lood nd
destroy Naive lands.
Naivesoffera-pointplanfocesston ofhosili-
ties;th pln i rejected by the Canadian government.
SEPTEMBER§
‘Ontariocourt grantsannterimnjoncion baning
Six Naions Natives fom blocking a CN Rail spur ine.
hrough Brantord and Highwsy 51,
(CBC pull s reporersand v camers crews from
Mobawk headquares,
An inreasing mumber of Native snd non-Native:
supporers are gahering n a park on the outskins of
Ok
A warrantisssued for Miton Bom With A Tooh.
He s charged wih the unlawful use snd unlawol dis-
charge of afireamn rlaing o Sptember when Peigan
Naives fred warming shots inanaiemp o resst police
atcmpts 1o move heavy equipment and crews entesng
their Okdman River diverson e
A S1-year-old Native man st the testment e
is severly beaien by soldirs who came through the
wire He haslaceraions tha equie stiches nd i told
e mst come out and b reated by semy medics,which,
s toally unacceptable.
SEPTEMBER 9
SixNations Ntives end blockade of CN Rl ater
court injuncion s granted on Saurday.
RCMP leave site where Peigan Natives have been
digging adiversion sie. The reseat comes afer Courtof
‘Queen’s Bench justicemakes pleafors calmingof en-
sions fearing increased miliant ressance o dam proj-
ectby Naives.
SEPTEMBER 10
AWarior Tie ierakeroon, whothad een hospi.
talzed afier September &b beating by soldies signs
sgrecment with army allowing himself 10 be taken to
military insitaon for up 10 30 days while polce inves-
tigue.
SEPTEMBER 11
Bourassa rjects Mohawk peace proposal caling
for ajont commission with the Qucbec snd Canadian
Eovemments 1o invesigate evenss sumounding, the
tand-off. The proposal sl would have the 39 hecisres
of land thattrigered the stand-of tumed ove 1o Mo-
hawks. As wel, while the nvestigation commenced,
‘Warriors would bedetined by thearmy. QPP woaldrnol
e parofnvestgation ecause of fea hat thy are ot
forrevenge.
“Ti Kiestakeroon and his companion e taken by
milaryescor from th millary compound s Farnham
10 he QPP and both ar charged with various offenses
TieKietakeroon faces severalchargesincluding pubic
‘mischief, obstruction of jusic, possession of s danger.
‘ous weapon,disobeying courtrder and wearing adis-
uise.
‘Subseguent o the ejection of the September St
offer, Ntives prseat 0 the govemment second pro-
posalto ceas he hosilies.
SEPTEMBER 13
AL7:35 pm, army cutsall hone snd fu s tothe
Tretment Cenreand shor wave adio coniac betwoen
Warrior and cutside i jammed. Warriorssec only sble
10 commanicate by celular phone. The Amny informs
medisthat there is o guarantces fortheir safety snd
renews its demand for unconditonsl surender by
Mohawks
“The QPP cstabishs road blocks a Highways 344
and 640, blocking all access o the soldarity Pesce
‘Camp and coninues 10 harass people by sopping and.
searching all vhicls in the arca.
“The army cuis off acces o presription drgs 10
people behind the lnes.
SEPTEMBER 14
Anlficial with the Six Natios loguois Confed-
cray sates that Natves willstikeouta ydro snd sl
lines across Canads f any Moawk bloodissilledinn
armed sand-of, staing “they can' guard it ll
Inetaliotonfor aving hei phonelines cur, War
siors disconnec an amy hodline hat s v fo diect
talks with rmy offcal, eaving them withonly celllsr
phones
‘Ammy pessonnel vhicles nd spprosimately 300
$Qund 105Q vansclose highway 132 off o taffic and
proceed o camy ou aids on buidings inth ares.
SEPTEMBER 15
Acouinjunciionis swarded allowing the QPP 1o
ut o celllar communicaton from the Warrior com.
pound which means great ificuly for thenews media
1o get photos and sories out.
Canadian Association of Joumalists ssus siate-
ments denouncing the cuting of joumalists’ phone
lines.
SEPTEMBER 18
Avspprovimately 2:05 pm, under the pretext of
sarching for weapons, « combined force of army and
polie nvade Kahnawake. Soldirsfire pprosimately
1020 waming shots nd fire tear gas dirctly into the
crowd of 300 Mobawks. With nowhere torereat, doz-
ens of men, womyn and chidren jump nto the figi .
Lawrenceriver o escapethe burning . 75 Mohawks
(some of them small chikdren and the lderly) and 19
soldiers are ifured.
In ks, empersbrefly flare 23 Wartior, inplain
viewofsoldiers, cuts through azor wireto walkontothe
beachand reiieves 2 army smoke cannistrs. Lter, o
dies, with bayonets affxed stand waich a5 another
8r0up repairs e broken wire.
SEPTEMBER 19
“The ammy says i will ot et the resstance yeser-
day preventthem from continuing thei sarch or i
den wespons in Kahnawake. Mohawks site further
confrontations will be met with strong resistance.
SEPTEMBER 20
Canadian Civil Libees Assocision calls for sn
inquiry into the actions of the army in Qucbec a3 it s
charged with violating th Chareer of Righis. The Asto-
citonalso cals on Bill MeKright, Ministrof Defense,
1o einsae elephone communication for joumaliss,
‘The Deputy Premierof Qusbec, speaking in the
absence of the vacaioning Premicr, sais that th prov-
afe it i leamed that the army inends o extend their
perimeer nto the demiliarized 200 scpaatng both
bamcades
“The PieMobertBand receivs s ourtinfunctionto
dismane their 4-day old baicade.
AvGUST21
Juskasthe Pic Mobert Band blockade o the CPrail-
linein White River iscoming down and sins sre once
again beginning o move,natives o he Pay lat Native
temiory (120 km norheast of Thunder Bay) erect a
barricade on CP Rail's main ln, effectively bringing
g 10 a hal ance again. CP Rail immediatly secks &
oun injoncton o have the blockade removed
AvcusT22
‘An ambulanc trnsporing & Mohavk womyn
experiencing srious complications e arly morning
childbih, s her newbom, s sopped by rcist mob
whil atempting 0 crosshe Mercer Bridgeen route o
ospital in Montreal. The mob demands 1 sc inside
the ambulance fo proof of the lgiimacy of the cmer.
ency. After sbout an hour of delay, duing which tme
the womyn s severely hemorhagin, the mbalanc it
aliowed 1 passthrough on 10 th Bridge where she i
ransfered to & Monirea ambolance.
At approximately 4:15 pm, § Kabrawake Mo-
hawks reuming from work arive a the barcade at
Route 207 only o find crowd ofracist demonstrators.
I ordr 1o avoid ncident, the Mohawks decide 1o
proceed to the access rou o Kahnawake on
Highway 132 However, they arive tthisaccess
pointonly o find anothe acist mob. Here the
Mohawks atempt iy nto ther tertry.
s they pas the crowd, rock i thrown s
the lead Mobawk vehicle. The vehicle
stop,the men get out and fight ensues.
The SQubserveth racist atack fom -
side theircars and do nothing. Three or
four army solders approach the Mo-
hawks nd el them 1 ente the neutal
2one. The soldies then take the Mo-
hawks dentificaton cards and give them
10 the SQ. During this e, rpresea-
amives and informs the Mohavk men that
the SQ has id 8 chargs against hem. AL
ihis ime, th SCQ nsists they are e st
e of the men resist and cross aver Mohavk
Vancauver based photog
mistakenly beleving he s & Mohawk. The mab kicks
and spits on im shouting racistslurs andforces him 1o
exposehis film.
AvGusTB
In an carly moring manoeuver, the army ad-
vances s miliary position 1172 kmcloser o the west-
em front of Kanessake.
At9:30 am, bus ransporing Mohawk negatia-
1075 10.3 Trapist Monastery in the town of Ok is sur-
rounded by 4 army tanks and 60 calibe guns aresimed
i at the occupanis.
Aniher goupof negorstorsfrom he Akwasasne
Mobawkteritoryarealso desined nd rfused access o
teares.
AUGUST 24
‘Negotiaions eater a criial siage as represenia-
tives speciically address the removalof baricades in
Kabnawake snd Kanesstake.
Racist mabs, some armed with baseballbas and
iron burs gather around Kanawake snd prevent food
and medical suppliesfrom eteing the terrtory.
In Kanesuake, the amy advances s posi
within 20 km of Mohawk baricades jeopardizing del
AUGUST2S
Negotisions are suspended as the goverment
comtines 0 refuse 0 rcogaize Mohawks as members
of a sovereign nation.
AUGUST26
Makawks begin to considr opening upa lane on
e Mercie Brdge toalow the passage of afic
(Canadian troops and QPP stand by s non-Native
mobs sopthe pasage of food and medical supplie into
Kalnawake invilaton of the govemment agreemet.
Amemberof theInemational Human Rights Fed.
cion, he group of inemtonsl bservers, bashis car
stacked by a crowd wielding basebal bais trying 1o
preventhim from enterng the Kahnavake reserve. He
satewe'veneverknown such dificulies whil cting
as observers in conflcs in other counties” and “the
only perscns who have eated me in civilzed way in
1his mater hee is Canada arethe Mohawks.”
AuGUST27
Hours afie talks aeeended by federal and provin-
n negottions Mohawks aretold that he army will
Despite thei iiilly only being a few demonsiraors,
polie et thecrowd build by slowly checkingth iden-
tification of everyone itempiing o leave Kahnavwake,
even babics.
T order o insill n image of the Warors s ter-
rorists, amilitary video of the Warriorsamed forifica-
tions and weaponryis shown 0 the federal cabinetand
the media.
Malroney wams that time s up and that the amy.
willnvade very soon.
Tn Toronio, 12 protstes are asted outside the
federl government office downtown. Latr 800 sup-
porerstieup rush-bour afic while marching 0 large
nlly a Queen's Park.
AUGUST 29
‘Army and Mohavks work togethr 1o dismantle
burricades on the Mercir Bridge. It s not known
‘whetherthis i ¢ resultoflks o sn grecment o the
fronilines. The Mercer Bridge couldbeopenina couple
of days
Mokhaws in Kanesatake statethatthirbaricades
will remain inac,
AUGUST 30
‘Natves s thatnce againtheirtrusthas ben vio-
latedasth army announces the Natives willbring down
baricadesthemselves withearmy elping anly when
necessary. As a result work on dismantin the bari-
ades stops nd tlks between th srmy and Mobawks
AUGUST 31
Ina gesturs of good faith, Mohawks of
Kanawake begin,once agan, 0 dismantle
the baricadeson the Mercie Bridge.
CP Railfiles a ote of i's tent 1o
sue 2 Native bands hat blocked is ral
lines. Ina statemen, i sid it would sve
the Pays Pat Ojbwa Band for 37l
lion 0 recover damages caused by their
3.day il blockade.
n West Berlin, people occupy the
Canadian Miiary consulse in n action
of solidarty with the Mohawk people.
'SEPTEMBER 1
‘Amored personnel caries and army
oops backed by helicopters and taled by 8
town busflled wih provincal polce dessed
it gearbegin heir advance on Knesaake. By
begino ear down Mohawk barmcades
“Theammy sates i willse force “only if bliged o
dosoby Warors", and atthas th forcenecessaryto
overwhelm the Mohawks. Mohaws s his s decls.
rtion of ware and satc “Now that wr s being forced
‘pon us,we will tum our hearts and minds o war and it
100 we will wage with all our might. Ours i a jut and
bonorabe posion, it flows rom our aws sndour ways.
Our enemies have no such honour”
At spproximately 10:30 amTpm1?, i Kanesa-
take,the army sims theis guns at Mohawk lines while -
temping 0 move a vhicle into the disputed teriory.
Within minstes, Mobawk people conront the amy
move andthe arcais swarmed by reportrs. The amy
immediately lowers their weapons and reeas their
reatending advance.
AUGUST 28
‘As fumiles atempt o leave he Kahnawaks tere-
tory, a racist mob of 00 throws rocks and boules a1
them. Windshields ae broken and many people are
injored,incloding small baby it nthe ace by a rock.
ouiside of e disputed golf course area and soldiersfre
5 shotsneary iting severa people asthy advance
Verbal conrontatons ensue between soldiers and
recratng Mohawks as amny coninues o advance nthe
teritory. By 100 pm, the army had reached snd sur-
rounded acommbnity cenre filled with 100 Mobawks,
Joe Armstrong diesof wht i believed 1o beheart
filue a5 3 resul of being soned by a acist mob on
August 28
SEPTEMBER 2
AUS:1S pm, the ammy reaches and akes contol of
e last remaining Kanesaake barricade on Highway
344, Soldiers backed by armored persomel cariers
quickly surround he are with brbed wire and bynight
£l the main Mohavk baricade made o arge logs i
and police vehicles commandeered from the sbartive.
July 11 raid, i dismanted.
Mohawks eteat o thei headquariers (formerly
a1 aleobol treatmentcente) about 270 metss from the.
barricade and begin o fortilytheirdelenies by igging
renches. Mohawks invie 13 journaliss (0 th head-
‘quarters to witness th anicpated assaul.
Troops lear h las ofthe Mohawk baricades on
the Mercier Bridge and choose o occupy i, rather than,
open it up immedisily.
SEPTEMBER 3
‘Army begins to move in 31730 am and within 30
minutes, soldiers and 35 armored ehicls posiion
themselves spproximtly 40 metrs from tenches
around Mohawk headquartes, Moawks respond tothe.
move by furher foriying their perimeter by digging
mor renches and by downing large tees.
As part of the ammy's campaign o psychological
warfre, sodies set up huge floodlighs shining i the
Mobawk headguarers windows 24 hours 3 day and
denies access of food, medical supplis sad Native
advisors.
QPP beginto se up check points in various loca-
tions around Oka. Cur Lessar, « Mobaw s amested
rying o cross a checkpointafe eaving a nearby foo-
dbank where about S0 Mohaw people havebeen holed.
upsince the amy invasion. He is charged with 10.f.
fenses.
I s discovered tha 2 other Mobawks, Deanis
LaFrance and Gabriel Sicote, havealso been arested
Policerefuse 1o given information on howmany people
have been resid 1o for.
AL6:30pm, ammy toops,fllowed closely by SQ
invade Kahnawake and head staight forthe Longhouse,
a sacrd Naiive meeting place. Troope also encircl
‘ookhouse where 35 wimmin form a uman barricadein
an atempt 0 stop roops from advancing. Police ques.
tion about 75 people o inside the Langhouse. Thee.
are injured inthe combined militarypoliceassauht nd
arotakentothe hospial One womyn hadheribsbroken
afer being smashed with the but of & rifle
In Ak e Nadive tertoy which was the
it of apolicenvasion ust his past May, Natves dem-
onstrating in solidaity with Mohawks behind barr-
‘cades overtum 2 QPP cars and smash the windows of &
police aior.
‘About S0 members o the Aldervll Indisn Band
disrapt ratfc on Highuiay 45 withpick-vp trucks snd.
cars slowing down tffic o near cravl.
SEPTEMBER 4
T anactof solidarkty, Chippew Natves down'5,
40-metre high hydro eleciric owers between London,
‘Oniariound Lambion generating plant near Samia cut.
ting power at 2:22 am. Damage s esimated st up to
$750,000.
‘AL 3:15 pm, Mohawk wimmin in Kanssaake re-
spond o the army's atiemp 0 inch their barricade of
razorwireforward by pushing s wooden bari i ront.
of i The wimmin are successtl i geting the ammy to
retum the racor wire 1o the former poriton. Verbal
confrontations beiween Mohawks and the army ensuc.
soldersrus 1 the scene aking posicns slong the
Policedisplay amms which hey claen were scized
doring the raid on the Kabnawake Longhouse. Mo-
hawks respond o hispolice stempt 10 discredit Mo-
awks and jusify the assault on Longhouse, n which 3
people were hospialized, by relessing a communique.
sating the weapons do not belong to them. Plice 1o
chullengedto show picturesofthe wespors s he sie of
seizure which is common police procedurs.
Highway 6, jus south o Tobermory, Ontaro i
blocked by over 100 Natve people from Cape Croker
and Saugeen trsiores.
Naiives of the Six Nations terory bgin s block-
ade of Highway 54 where it s through heiterriory.
SEPTEMBER S
‘The amy further increses s stranglehold on
Kanesaiake ertory by srining razor wire scross the.
‘Ouawa River 10 smare boats tht tempe o lesve,
‘A shoving match ensues between a soldier and 8
Mobawk whosiempied o reieve amirrorfrombehind
burricades which the army had solen s n crle dte.
Allbough unsuccessful, he Moavk evaded soldie's
ttempts todeta im. The Mohawks hadbeenusng the
giant mirto 10 eflect the floodights the army has fo-
cused on the Mohaw headquares,
Natves o the Bruce Trail Penninsala sdd ogs o
heir baricades across Highway 6.
NatvesoftheSix Natons tertory blockade high
way and allines through thei land.
SEPTEMBER 6
Mercier Bridge is re-opened o tffc but army
forces mainain theirprescace in e aes.
SEPTEMBER 7
‘Capialis pres densifies and publishes mames of
some individual Warrior
Peigan Naiives, fire warming shots 10 prevent
RCMP from moving in environment crews and heavy
equipmentonioth ste where they have ben working
foroveramonthio diver the Okdman River, nneffot.
10 siop the govemment dam projectthere. This $350-
millon prject, whichis 75% complte, wil lood and
destoy Native lands.
Naivesoffra -pofntplan o cesstionof hosdl-
tis; the plan s rejected by the Cansdian govemmment
SEPTEMBER §
Oniariocour gants annterim njonction baning
Six Nations Naives from biocking a CN Railspr line
hrough Branford and Highway 54
(CBC pull s reporers and v camerscrews from
‘Mobawk headquarters.
‘An icressing number of Native and nonNative
supporters are guhering in & pask on the outskins of
Ok,
A varmantisissued forMilton Bom With A Tooth.
He is charged with the unlawfl us and unlawl
chargeofafiream relating (0 September when Peigan
Naivesfired warming shosinanaiemp o resist olice
atempis 0 move heavy equipmen and cews aterng.
heir Oldman River diversion st
A'S1-year-old Native man s thetesiment e
i seversy beaten by soldiers who came through the
‘wie.He has lacertions thatrequirs sches and i told
e mastcome ot and b reated by army medics,which.
s toally unscceptabl,
SEPTEMBER 9
SixNations Ntives end blockade of CN Rail ater
‘courtinunction i granted on Saturday.
RCMP leave sie where Peigan Nativs have been
digginga diversionite. The eea comes fes Courtof
‘Queen's Bench justice makes apleafora camingof ten-
sionsferingincreased milant resstance o dam proj-
ectby Naives,
SEPTEMBER 10
AWarrior, Tie Kieuakeroon, whohad beenhospi-
talzed afies September 8h beating by soldies signs
agreement with army allowing himsell 1o b taken 1o
milaryinsttation forupto 30 ays whil police nves-
gate.
SEPTEMBER 11
Bourassarejects Mohawk peace proposal calling
for a ot commission with the Quebee snd Cansdisn
govemmens 1o investigae events sumounding the
Stand-off. The poposal also would have he 39 hctares
of land that riggered the stsnd-off tumed over 1o Mo-
hawks. As wel, while the nvestgation commened,
‘Warriors wouldbe dewined by hearmy. QPP wosldnol
be parofnvestgation because of fea thtthy areout
forrevenge.
“Tie Kietakeroon and his companion e tken by
mllaryescort from th millary compound s Fanbam
1 the QPP and botharecharged with variousoffnses.
e Kienukeroonfuce sevralcharges ncloding public
mischief, obstraction of justice, possessionof s dange
ous weapon,disobeying acour order and wearing
guise.
‘Subsequent 0 therejecton of the Sepiember Sth
offer, Naives pesent 10 th govemment second pro-
posal o cease the ost
SEPTEMBER 13
ACT35pm, army cuts all phoneandfax inestothe
Trcatment Cente and short wave radio ontactbetween
‘Warriorsand outside is jummed. Warios are anly sble
10 communicaie by cellula phone. The Ay informs.
media that there is o gusranices for their safety and
renews its demand for unconditional surender by
Mohaws
“The QPP esablishs road blocks st Highways 344
and 640, blocking all access o the soldarty Pesce.
(Camp and continues o harass pecple by stopping and
searching all vehicles i the aes,
“The ammy cuts o acces of prescripion drugs 10
people behind the lnes.
SEPTEMBER 14
‘Anfficial withth Six Nations Iroquofs Confed-
eray sates tht Naives willstie outat Rydro and il
lines acoss Canada i any Mohawk bloodis siledinn
armed stand-of, stating “they can' guad it all”
I ealsionfor having ther hone lies cut, War
iors disconnect an ammy hotline that i usd fo direct
alks witharmy official,leaving them wihonly celuar
phoncs
Amy personnel vehicles and spprosimately 300
5Qund 105Q vans close highway 132 of o raffc snd
proceed 1 cary oot aids on buildingsinthe ares.
SEPTEMBER 15
Acounnjuncionis swardedallowing he QPP o
ot o celllar commanicaton from the Warrior om-
pound which means great diffculy forthe news medis
10 g photos and stories out.
Canadian Associaton of Jouralists ssus sate-
menis denounciag the cuting of joumalists’ phone.
lines.
SEPTEMBER 15
At spproximately 2:45 pm, under the preteat of
sesiching for weapons, a combined fore of smy and
police invade Kabnawake. Soldiers fire approximately
1020 waming shots and fr tar g dircly into the
crowd of 300 Mobavks. With nowhere 1o retreat doz-
ensof men, womyn and children jomp nto the figid St.
Lawrence iverto escape the buming gas. 75 Mohawks
(some of them small chikdrn and the elderly) and 19
soldiers are ijured,
Ok, empersbrely flare a5 a Warrior, in plain
viewf soldiers,custhroughrazor wireto wlk olothe.
beach andretieves 2 army smoke canisters, Late,sol-
dics, with bayonets affxed stand waich a5 another
8190p repirs the broken wire.
SEPTEMBER 19
“The ammy says it will ot et e resistance yester-
day prevent them from coninuing hei sarch for id-
den weapons in Kahnawake. Mobawks sute further
confrontations will be et with siong rsistance.
SEPTEMBER 20
Canadian Civil Libetes Associstion calls for sn
inquiry into the actons of the ammy in Qucbec a1 i
charged with violing the Chrie of Rights. The Asso-
ciationalsocallson Bill McKnight, Ministerof Defense,
o reinsate elephone communications for joumalists.
“The Deputy Premie of Quebec, speaking in the
absence of e vacuioning Premicr, sates thathe prov-
ince s not responsibl fo he amy’s actons, i direct
contradiction tocarlie sttements by Premier Bourasa
hat th province s esponsile.
SEPTEMBER 24
Asthe opposition ars hei criisms of e cis
i Palamen, he govermentttes t will ot negotiste
funes with Vohawks uni they surender sl arms snd
ignoredthe th all fo the rsignaion of Natve Affsirs
Minister Tom Siddon.
SEPTEMBER 25
Naive spokesperson Bob Antonesates that most
ofthe Warriorsholed up near Oka il themselves
overtothe army n the next day ortwo unless he amy's
intimidaton acies rgger more hositie. Antone
staes “We ae deciding 1o diengage toend the hostli-
ties.Wearenotgivenmchaliemative tothatThis s not
a sumender”
A Warriorstatesthatif the Quebec 1nd Canadion
govemments refuse o negoriste once Wariors walk
ou, s upto the Canadian people to force e o keep
their word and negotiators hit that fulre 10 ct in
goodfaithmight cause baricades o once sgaingoupin
Kahnawake and Kanesaiske when the westher warms
w.
SEPTEMBER 26
Warriors sbandon retment cenre in Kaneatske.
justbefore nighfall bt inafinal ct of defsnce turm o
theleft and head owards Oka insead of o the rightnto
the hands of the milary as previously agreed. In wn
aticmpt o gain conrol of the sitation soldiers and
polie suround ndividual warors and some st ack-
led before being handculfed nd thrown into police
crisers. Soldiers carry ther ifles with bayonets af-
Twenty Years After October...
In the wake of the racis reaction of some white
Quebecois tothe barricadesat Kanesaiake ard Kahna-
wake,the English Canadian media was quick 1o poit
ot hypocrisy ofthe Quebecoisdemandfor raional
sovereigny while denying therightof Native peoples to
dothe same. This was by no means anackowledgment
ofthe egitinacy of Naive siruggles bu simply a con-
nuation of atacking the Quebecoissiuggle for self-
deteminaiion.
A renewed movemant for Quebec indeperdance
began 0 emerge inthe 60 with s ot in the many
strugglestakingplace a s ime. Anglo-Caradianand.
American corporate inerests dominated the Quebec.
economy, which resuied in high unemploymens
amongst Quebecois workers and a standard of living
welbelowthe povertyline.As aresutef his domination
the movement for Quebec independence was also a
movementforsoialchange and o the iberation of th.
working class (which represenied 90% of the Quebe-
o). The movement had a broad base anging from the
‘bourgeois Part Quebecoistothe radical et groups.
Some Quebecois fet that Quebec independence
could only b achieved hroughrevoluion and formed.
h Frontde Liberationdu Qubec (FLQ).From 1963 1o
1872 the FLQ carried out runerous actions i theform
of bombings, bank obberies, armouryrads and poic
cal kdnappings. The majority were aimed at attcking
Anglo-CanadianiAmerican symbols of colorialism as
wellas supporting the miliat labour sruggles taking
place athe time. The FLQ notonly developedanational
Liberaion perspectve but lassone as wel, realiing
hat the liberation of Quebec would only come about
withthe lieration of the working class of which they
were part. They also bl inks ith ther lieration
movemenis such asthe Black Parcher Party the IRA,
ETA and o on.
Theactionsf e FLQ clminatedin 1970 withthe
Kidnapping of a Brish dilomat by a FL cell The
reading ofthe FLQ manifesto o rtionaltelevision and.
radio was met with the widespread support of the Que-
becois working las. A few daysatr another FLQ cell
Kidnapped ihe Quebec Miniser of Laborw (and a fow.
days aterexecute him).The rime Ministerof Canada
responded by decaring the War Measures Act which
Sawhe decarationof marialawand over 1000 Cara-
diantroopsoccupyingth sieets of Quebec. Almost 00
people were arrsted and held without charges bei
laid and thowsands o raids o0k lace. The declaration.
fthe War Measures Act was not 10 prevent the “insr
recion* tha the government claimed was about 1 ake
place buto irikea blow againsihe broaderindepend.
ence movement which wasbecoming moreradicalzed,
inpart by the actons of the FLQ. Consequerdly, most
PLQ members were captured ndhe armedclandestine
movement suffered a defat from which it never recov-
ered. The independence moverentaiso lst i radical
and revoluaionary nature.
Today he poverty ofhe Quebecois workin class
i the same as it wasprio 1o the evens of 1970, How.
ever, the poliical conditions are no the same. The.
victoy of the Pari Quebecois (bowrgeois atioaliss)
inthe 1976 provicial lections allowedforthe creasion
of ihe specifcally Quebecois ruling class and bour-
geois, This ruling class has retained power 10 this day.
The Quebec ruling clas of the present under-
stands the power f natonalismandhasreviveditio e
the Quebecois population assupport for the borgeois
demands o independent management of Quebec capi.
tal. The Quebec poliical closshashijacked ratonaliom
and the desve for self-determinaton o pecpl, colo-
nized for 200 years,for their own nds,
This past sunmer prior 10 the event t Ok, s
250,000 Quabecois march through the sieets caling
for independence from Canada. Unfortunaely the
movemend for Quebec indeperdence i, for the most
par, singl ssue and has o semblance of radicalism,
October 1990 marked the 20h anniversary ofthe
declaraion ofthe War Maasures Ac.Below we rerint
astatement by he Octobre Chaa (Hot October) coali-
tion,a group formed o commaorate the evenisof c-
tober 1970, on Quebecsovereigntyin relaion toNative
sowreignsy. The group was conprised o former FLQ
members and ther spporters. While not denying that
racism exists amongst white Quebecois we Jeel hat
some of he f espoused hecapitalis media's view hat
all Quebecois are racis and atacked Naive sover-
eigny.Thiswas not he case a many progressive Que.
becois labour and social change §104ps came out in
support f the Mohawks and organised demonstraions
other actions. The Octobre Chaud statement pus
his intoperspective when they declare there will b o
‘ree Quebec” withoutthe iberaion of Native pcples”.
‘The Quebec after Kanesatake, more 50 then the
‘Quebccalier Meech, will everb the same. Th Native
s, igaered by the aack against the Mohawks of
Kanesaske and Kahnawake by the Surie du Quebec.
andihe Canadian Army, hs pened anewchspterofour
istoy. From now on, the Natve qustioncan pever be
disssocited with he futare of Quebee, which mplics
anio-dep ransfommationof hesocity that weknow,
Mesnwhile, by choosing armed force 1 addrss Native
clims, th Statc chosehe worst pton: L f e blind
leading the blind 1 the edge of high ol
Likein October 1970, he recoure o theuse of the
armed forces aganst the Mohawks of Kanesaake and
Kahnawake, is an unforgivable ac. Once agan, the
‘message put forh by the poliica clas of Qusbec snd
fied. Other Warriors and wimmin s throw 1 the
8round amidstcries and screams before being loaded
oo 2miliary buses whichakes themtoa milary base
souhof Monteal. Intotal 16 wimmin, 6 childrensnd 25
menaretaken ntomiliary castody; 3 Warirsartaken
intopolice custody. As well3joumnaliss s handeatfed
and aken no plice cusody. Warriors mainta they e
surrendering becaus his paricularfights over and Ca-
nadians now know that Natives il esist. In Kaba.
‘wake 400 Mohawks armed with baseball bats, rock,
Shields and malotov cockiils gathertoprotst hetreat-
‘ment of surendering Mobavws. Soldiers ata checkpoint
nearthe Mercie bridg ar peled with rcks and botes
by Mohawks. More sodies are calld i and thy are
ordered o take am a the Mohawks,causng th crowd
o wihdraw.
‘CanadaisthatheStte gves el e rightto choosefe
o death or“is” iizens. The recourse 0 the sy has
brutally unmasked the tre faceof staistviolnce snd
the esponsibility whichhe poliicians e guilyof. In
thiscontext of*War Measres”, ke always, i'sdemac.
ray, libery,solidaity and josice whichlos the mot,
A Series Of Insane Acts
During the Nativeciss, miliary inerveation was
Iaunched following a series of insane acts.
1. The obstinaton of a minoriy of whies 1 want o
cnlasge aall coss a golf course onto ancssral Mobawk
emiory.
2.The filedaiackof 1200 agentsof he S.Q.0n uly 11,
1990,
3. Labeling the Mohawk Warrirs “a gang of crmi-
e,
4. he refusal 10 recognizethe historic rights,eritoral.
and naional, of Native peoples.
5. Relegaing he 1t Naions o simple culural minor-
ity “like al the
6.he efusal 10 s nthe rapid raicalzation of Native
mllancy amajorciss notoly in Quebec nd Canads,
but everywhere inthe America
7. Therefusal o recognize the exasperstion of the poor
e socia grovp.
8. Finally, th recours 1o thearmed forcss 1o compen-
sate for he lack of histrica education and incompe-
tenceof policians.
Allofhis can's help but ecallthe events of Octo-
ber 1970. Tweniy years ago, the powers tht e rfused
10,like 1oday, recogaize the natonsl and poliicalrights
ofthe Quebecois whomthey relegated o “culura mi-
noriy like all obers" In 1990, s Native paoples tht
the Stat ntends 10 “put in ther place”. unforumtely
‘withmyopic supportof one
100 many Quebecoi.
A Long Struggle
Panlel 1 the inde-
pendist and revolutionary
struggles against Europesn
Americans, which devel
oped from Quebec o Ni
nagus, from Acadia 1o
Pueno Rico, Native lber.
tion siruggles enew them.
selves today with a long
hisory of uprsings
against white colo-
continued on the
nextpage
Ol Patioe.
the symbol
used by the
FL.
Solidarity To The Mohawk Nation
From the Resistance Conspiracy Case defendants
‘We sendoursliduriyt the pople of e Mohawk Nation n yoursruggle foryourlands sndsov-
ereigaty. We sendourdeepest respect1othe Clanmthers chiefs, he WarriorsSociety nd ll ofthecou.
rageous women, men and children who stnd fasta the barricades of Kanesatake and Kahnawake,
Since the Arawak first discovered Colombus on their beach S00 years ago the Europeans' hunger for
‘tiv lnd has never daled. Turle Mouniin was carved pinto tereories; e teritories were reduced o es-
ervaions;now ey want th eservtion, 0o, and ey are pushing ntiv peoples towardhe penitentiris nd
gcnocid. Butsgainstihis momentumsiands you esisance whichrefusestodi: Wounded Knee, Big Motn-
ain,Lubicon Lake, Akwesasne, Kanesaiake. The rsisanceof ndigenous peoples sgainst extemminaton,fr *
land and communal lfe deines th struggle for ot socicty among all peopl living n he Amercss.
Inthe 1990' it has come o dfine the sruggle fo survival for llof us o this lanct,
‘As white ani-imperialit poltcal pisoners incarceated for armed revoluionary slidriy
with national Iiberation movemets inside and ouiside U.S. borders, we only egret that w canot
behcrc with you or i the growing numberof places n North Americs where comradesar bildng.
barricades 0 stopthe routine workings of whie supremacy and gecd. Butalong withthe other 150
polcal prisoners and prisoners o w n the U, our spiis sosr withyour. From these heighis
above the prison walls, above he mllay bockade of Kanesatake wecan s & futar for al ourchildren
based n self-determination, mutua respect and he tendemmessof human solidariy.
LAND AND SOVEREIGNTY FOR AL INDIGENOUS PEOPLES!
FRE ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS ANDP.O.W.'S!
. INTHE
Mailyn Buck
Susan Rosenberg
Laura Whitshor
Al Berkman
Linds Evans
Tim Blunk
Tear Down The Walls!
We received this leter from a growp of Native
prisonrs, detailig ther siruggle againsi prison au-
thordes. Notiv peoples represent a disproportonate
amount ofth prison poplation in Canada when you
‘compare thirimprisonment ate orestf the Canadlan
population There s an ngoin sruggle by imprisoned.
Natives for thei right praciic raditional andspiri
ual custons. This lte represerts only part of his
siruggl that is cccuring in prisons across Canad.
They also sen a siaiement of solidriy 1o the
Mobawk peopl which we do not have the space fo
reprit hre.
Grestings
We, the Sacred Circle Sociey,represnting the
Native brothers i the AdantcInstitaton, Renous, New
Brunswick, are sceking your assistancs in & bule
agains the federal govermment, panicularly the Correc-
tional Services of Canads,
Specificaly, we require the asssance o our EL-
ers,Leaders, Warfors andfiends, o wina b against.
forces which are inheremly apposed to our radiions
and cusoms.
“To win ur siuggle, we rgently require unity;we.
neediobeunited likethe carthandusee. (VeslJstas e
wers rooted s one against the Meech Lake Accord)
We willnow tllyou why we ae inbatle gainst
ur Keepers, the Corrctonal Srviceof Canada:
Unanimously it has been decided to sop ll ks
‘withourKeepers a Alati nstition. Andbecauseve.
arefed up with thei incessantdemonsration of dise
spet for ourspiriuality and, in general, oo dovwn
earth way o e
The disespect s unscesptabe o the lesderhip
and members of our Scared Circle Society. And in
seeking your support, the fllowing is n outlne de-
seipion of encountes with our Keeper
‘Visunderlings the Warden b communicaied o
our Societ that he would dissolve is lesdersip and
forbid council meeting, i we continued o bl pol
calissuesrespectin theconcemnofnativ brothers. This
s, of coure, nftely more than st disrespect I in
essence a st seious threa which must be taken st
ouly,
‘Moreover, our Keepers, deliberaely spproved an
nmmate-family socalon the very dtethat it s know
nadvance a Pow-wow wastotake place. This st could
have reatedracial tension,ifour Society hd no ecog-
nized th scheme of things. Hence,discreion being the
partof valor,the Pow.wow was cunceled.
I was also communicated 0 our Societytht we
couldnot engage legal cousel. Addiionally respecting,
sprual eremoniesper s, he Corectional Seviceof
‘Canad, Naional Headguarters, ell s tht the Warden
s the s say on whetherorno wear he recipints of
oo inmte necds,
Needless 10 say we are grealy disadvantaged,
ence this doubles the need of your assistance. Even s
leter willbolster ourdeerminsion o overcome whits
ntamount 1o the anniilation of ur spi.
In near concluson, please accept our harks for
draning the Mecch Lake Accord. And we hope thatour
support was communicated 1o the free workd of our an-
cestos by the wind. And who but the lkss of our
keepers, would not be proud of our brother, Elijah
Harper.
Thank you for hesring our words from th hesrt
beatof our Scared Circle Socity:
et CuayHone,
aning Wil
To contact the Seared Circe Socity writ:
Chief Lary “Running Wild” Calson
P.0.Box 2
Renous, New Brunswick
BOCIXO Canada
RESISTANCE
PIC AL POGOS POUTEN PRSONES O WA
SPIRIT OF TOTAL
Twenty Years Aper October...continued
nizers who, doring the conquest, stspped American I
dian peoples of theirand and dignity. A history which
givenall evidence, s far from over:
“The most recent events at Kanesatake and Kakoa
wake have foribly reminded us that the strctue of in
graned inegualiy in Quebec and Canads is also
Tounded on racialand naional discrimintion. Racism
and apurheid ae ot imited o South Aficaand Iral
They have xisted beresince the arival o th st whitc
Europeans. Many weresurpised by the virulent racism.
unleashed againstthe Mohawk people. This xplosion
ofracis, fed a5 much by nationalist and fedealis -
ments, shows that Qusbec sosety i ot shelisred from
these fratiidalforms of hatsed, which have ofen lesd
1o he worst social and poliical deadlocks,
“The Native clims focused on the recognizing of
and and naional rights,he ree sage and revaloriza-
ticn of native languages, and for equitabe compensa.
tion for the ecological disasters caused 10 their lands,
“These caims have opencd everywher i the Amercas
a new politcal space where national, ecological and
class srugglescan be ariculated.
T his context, i extremely imporunt tht pro-
grssive forcesalignthemselves andextend soldaritylo
the Nasive movement. Firstof all because thefoure of
Quebec can't b rdefined without the paricipaton .
the agrecment of the Firs Nations. Secondly, because
the qualiy ofsocial eltons in Quebec, ke cscwhere
in Americs, rests on ur ability o stabiih veiabl e
latonsof equaliy solidarty and ficadship with Naive
peoples.
There will b o “free Qusbec” without
theliberaton of Naive poples,snd conseguenty,
p1the whie popaation,always prisoner of s old
praciceof spartheid
Coinciding with the 20h anaiversiry
ofthe WarMeasures Actof 1970, themily
taryntervenion against Ntivs o Kane-
saake and Kabnawake invies us 10 8
debatecn our ovcollecivefrursandon
the sociey we intend o pas 1o future gen-
Communiques...
TO ALL OF OUR FRIENDS AND
SUPPORTERS
(On Thursday, Septembes 28, 1990, he Rotickan-
nenkeieh, vomen, children and tei slis who have
‘managed he herole stand-off at the Treatment Center
will nilaerally erminsie hosiliis.
Afes severalatempis at uying 0 find a peaceful
anderetive soluiontothe situstion wehavell realized
s weare dalig with anessnilly Nesnderthal s
e o the part o the Quebee and Canadian govern.
Al Naivepeoples in Canada ned o take note of
e clearsstements tha our people’sheroc stand has
evoked from Canada and Qucbec. On September 25,
1990, Prime Minister Malroney declred . Native self-
overment does ot now and camno ever mean sover.
cignindependenc:
Thissement is declaraion of Canada’s inent
1oKeep Natveratons,peapls and hei teritoris in'a
perpetal saeofclorialiem nd dominaton. Tis po-
siion leaves sl with but one course of action - the
libraton of ournations and peoples.
“The siege a he Treamen Cener s been only
one batle n the long stuggle tht lesbefore llofus.
Ratherthana defetithas been victory on many frorts.
Firs, we have the vitory of the ity of Native
poople cross this vas lnd. From cosst to const our
peoples have been insired by the heroic sand st the
Trestment Center and have been moved to scton in
support of ou defenders of the ation.
Secondly, we have moved th intemationalcom-
‘munity 1o ecogaizs the hypocrisy of Canada snd i's
image as 2 defenderof democracy nd minory rights.
They have been a a “setler state” ot unlke Souts
Affica n i’ represson of ndigenous rights and
peoples.
Our peoplear rely choosing 1o leave the batle:
eld of e Treament Centerin orderto b ree to wage
the on-goingstuggle cn other frois.
We sk llaher Native nstons nd peoples tojoin
s declring tomorrow a5 a da of Inemational Natve
Solidartysnd Celebrtion, e ssk youto rganizepos
tive, affiming activiies 10 celebrate the end of this
phase and th begining of the nex.
‘We callupon your prayersthooghost onight snd
tomorrowtopray forthesaety o our people. Wecallon
You 1 organize pow-wows, parades, demonsirations,
whatever you fel is appropriate tomark his hisorical
tuming poin for the Ntive Ssuggle for Libeaton.
“Tns i thebeginning,notheend. Now, more than
ver, wenead o reaffim our ity andourcommitment
10 continueto move forward o the dsy whea oursations
regain their rightfl places in the worldcommaniy.
‘The Haudenosaunce Crsis Commitiee
FROM THE PEOPLE AT THE TREAT-
MENT CENTRE AT KANEHSATAKE
SEPTEMBER 26,1990
TheMohawk people andibeirallesare leaving the
Treatmens Center today o go home nd o consinethe.
siuggle for the land.
“Ths trgle has brought the suesofthe land o
heatentionof the Canadian public nd e world, NOW.
itistimetotake it o the poltcallevel, we ave ried 1o
dothatfor th st two months through negoisions bat
the govemments have not had the same mandute.
Prime Minstr Brian Muloney has ssed n Par-
Tiament before the Country and the word hathe and is
Bovemmentare willng o dealwith the long ermaissues
of and and land righs that the Mohawk people have
been secking 1 deal with snce this strggle sand n
eary march
Weare leaving o1el he workthe el soryof the
govemmentsof Quebecand Canadano wllng onego-
tite a fair nd just dea, no the story that has been
porrayed by boththose governmets and the media.
‘We are going home 1o continae work within our
‘own naion, the Confederacy, othe Indisn Nations,
‘Canada,the ntemations level nd the world.
Noone, specially the govemment of Quebes
and Canada can ake away the vitory ha s been won
by thepeople atth rcatmen cener &t Kancsaiake,we.
have made major stps forward in brnging the land
rghtsssues o the workd aeation, never sgain will he
government of Quche nd Canada be abie o st th.
Indisn people of Canada as & mere thom i the side of
this coontcy. The Indian peopl of his counry mast b
weaed with the rospect
and dignity that we 35
soverign nations. that
have never been de-
feted dserve.
Since the atack on
ourpeople uly 11,1990
we have hld off the
Surete de Quebec, the
Canadian Amy, the
Quebes govermment and
the Camdian_govern-
g men. We have slways
negoiised n good faith
and wehave been lied o
nd deied basic funds.
menual human_ righs,
The Intemational Fed.
cotionof Human Righs
has winessedll e vio-
latons that have been
commitied against s by
theSurtede Quebec, the
Cansdian Amy, the
Quebec govemment and
the Cansdin govern
Warrior Society
The American ndian Movemens sos iself a5
a WarriorSociety for ndisn people. Thereare vai-
ous conceps of # wario society. To White people,
he warsioris t armed forces. ' th guy who goes
out there and fights and kil for his people: paid
solies. But Indian people have never had hired
Killers.
Wartior Socity 10 them means the men and
‘womenof the nation who have dedicated hemselves
1o give everything that thy have o the people. A
‘wario shouldbe the fis one 1o g hungry and the
lastone o cat. Heshoold b the irstone ogive away
bis moccasinsand he lascne o gt new ones, That
iypeoffecling among Indian peopl s what a War-
vior Sociey i ll bou. He i ready 1o defend his
family ntime of war - 1o hold offany cnemy - and bo
perfctly willng to sacrifce imsel o the good of
bis nation and his people, and tha's what we see
ouselvs 1, what we deslsically try o be. That's:
ot saying that we ar all completly elfess or any.
ind ofsins,but we ry,with he spiiual diretion
of ut holy men, 1o get ourselves 10 the point where
we don'have the avarice and greed that s o much
apartof whit soccty i his lan.
We beleve that the powes ofthis iverse is
held withinour peace pipe. s apipe o pesce, apipe
tha a1 all costs wies 10 guide us in avolding sny.
deaths by our ownhands,orany violenceanthe part
of the American ndian Movement,and f anyone
will check back nto th histoy of the American
Indisn Movement; though we (ake a very sirong.
siand orourpeople, we've neverkilld nyone. We.
have neverhad violence unoss violence was perpe-
raed against us. The ral violeace in America s
commited by the govermment sgainst our peopl.
“The sl violence i the fcthat on' reservation our
‘women retaken and raped n he bac st of ars.
Ourjobis toregainour humanity andour pi-
walty s tonce was. Ourjob so fight for freedom
agaast oppresson. Our job s o fight for land to
sand on; Lnd, a part of oar Mother Eart which il
e ourphysicl and spirual bse.
We s frodom fightrs
By Art Solomon, lder and Warrior
Member of the Leonard Pelier Defense Commitice
We came here o defendthe Haudenosaunee posi-
tion1o defend he land, we have committed nocrimes n
defending ourland. We areleaving herewith headsheld
high withpride and dignity in having dfended the land
and the Haudenosaunee posion. We cannot acospt
(Canada’sprogram of sel-government s weare sleady.
asovereign ntion. We have commited o crimes and if
the govermmeats o Canada snd Quebes chooseto proc-
ess us criminals within tei lows we are POLITICAL,
PRISONERS, NOT CRIMINALS.
consinued from thefront page
Fed their tacics of prychologial wafare. Lrge lood-
lights were ereciedand focussed n the Mok stro.
hold and helicoptes,cquipped with search lghts were
flown over a low levels. Access 1o presripion drge
was co.Before long, the army cut Mohawk phone snd
faxlinesand jammed shor wave radio communicaton,
demanding unconditional surender.
i was nthis simosphersof hostile agaresion ha
‘Mobawks, il defan, decided 0 cesse hosilites snd
1o ke thei struggle o 8 diffeent eve,
Despie whatsome may see s amilary victory by
he government, the sundoff has been victorious on
many frots, the most obvious being, halting the de-
truction of Mohawk land fo the expansion of golf
‘ours. On another leve i has brought ity ad te-
newed energy to Natve stugale across the county.
This has been demonsiatd n th acionscaried outin
soldarity by Natives across e coninent. Almastallof
these actions have been scompanied by demands of
their own and have been characierized by an incressed
wead in miliancy. Thiooghou the couniry natves
erscied il and road blockades and, n oe spectaclar
chow o solidaiy, Chippewa ntives downed 5 clct
<l pylon towers causing an cstinaed S750,000 in
damage. This action demonstrated the posslty of
sabotage of the many indefensible natual pipe s,
elecirical power lines,hydro dsens sod il lines that rn
hrough nativ terioris s a acic forfture sruggles
Across the coniinent,miliay and corporat de-
Velopment continuesis atack on Native communiies
hreatening 1o cut the as of thie lfclin o the srh,
Innorther Albera s Canadian province), e L
bicon Nation has no reserve setlement despit a fifty
year strugel. During the last fifien years, while the
Albera government has omed a dea e to Lubicon
and clatns, arge il developmeat by maltinationals has
devastated heland. This has notbeen met withoot ess-
tance. n 1988 the Lubicon Nation decsred e refusal
t0recogaizethe Albeta govemment's jursdictionover
therland and eocted barricades on acces outes 0 the.
erritry.
Now the Lubicons face snother auack, After
watching thir lands and economy be destoyed by ail
development, Brewer Constucton Limited, s subsidi
ary of Daishowa has announced is plas 10 begi log-
sing adiional Lubicon Lands s so0n s possible. This
despit an agreement between Daishowa and Lubi-
ons that noIogging would ke place on lundsclimed
by the Nation il setement s aken place.
Bemard Ominiyak, Chief of the Lubicon Lake:
Band, has responded 1o the logging companies an-
nouncement of s plans by saing “We have o nten
tion of allowing anybody 10 tea anymore of our re-
Sources,and that ncludes tres.”
In souhemn Albeia, the Peigan Notion faces the
prospectsof mas looding and othercolopicaldumage
s expected 10 resul from the completon of the Thice
Rivers Dam Projec. On August 3, the Lonefighers v
‘group of Pegans) began excavating a channel o divert
the waterof the Oldiman Riverinantempt o renderhis
5350 milion rgation rojct, now nit final e of
consrucion, usless. On Sepiember 7, Lonefighters
resisted RCMP atempts 1 move environment crews
oo thie diversion site by firng warming shot. Not
ong i, police arested Milon Bom-Wih-A-Tooth,
and he remins in prison 1oday.
Despite this s bk, th sroggle against he dam
continucs.Lonefighters and supporiers have iniisted 3
new allince of grassroos Native and non-Native
grovps tenuaively called The Bufflo Allisnce. Among.
other things, he group will focus on frecing POW
Milion Bom-With-A-Tooth, publish guarely maga.
zineand furthe the developmen o resistance mave.
‘mentagainst exploitaion and genocide.
I the souther part of Briish Columbi (s Cn-
dian province) LiwarNatves continue ther land e
butle On July 12, & day after the poics assalt on
Mohawk baricader, Lifwat blockaded a ogging rosd
leading o thie M. Curry reserve (140 Kilometrs ot
of Vancouver). Tis baricade erected o advance their
siruggle 1 well s show soldarty with rsisting Mo-
hawks lased nearly 4 monihs before coming under
heavy atack by suse forces. On November b the
RCMP moved on the barricades with frontend loadrs
aresting toal of 6. Since then atleast 2 more Natives
are known o have been arestedinconnecion with the
blockde
In the interior of B.C. the Giskan and
Wet'Suver'en areorganizing a massive land il bale:
involving a toalof 22,000 suare miles.
In Nisassinn the lnu continue o singgle sgainst
millay esing in their terriory.
In Ontario the Teme-Augam Anishasbai con-
tinue tobatleatempés by logging companies o destroy
old growh forests located on their eitores.
I nonthem Oniaio and Qucbec the James Bay
‘Cresare resising govemment plans for the consruction
of James Bay 2. Compltion ofthis S0 billon hydro-
clectric project il involve.deforesation of some
356,000 square miles and destructionof 4 iver systems
devastaing the Native populations that hve lived in
carefl balance with this delcae cco-system or thou-
sands ofyears.
These ae just few of the beterknown siuggles
Natives ae waging across the continet, From cosst 1o
const Nativ communiies are ightng couriless land
itk baties. In fac akmost 4 of the Canadian Lo bse
falls under some form of Natve and claim.
“The Canadian government hasmadeit lsrit il
ot even consider self detemminsion in s negotaions
with First Naions. Soveregaty would mesn an cnd 1o
the colonialstrelationship beween the Canadian gov-
cmment and First Nations which allows mulinsionls
the unresticted acces o plunder Native lands.
(Canada was built hrough th geaocide of Native
‘peoplesandthe theftofheilandsand resources. Todsy
the Cansdisncconomy remains beavly dependentupon
Defense Fund for Mohawk Sovereignty
Afterthe polie atack at Kanesatake and the s
sequentsicge, a group of sldarty acivissin Toronto
set up a defense fund tht seot muterial 5id 1o the
Mohawk peopl o assist them with teir fight. The
‘money which wasraised was elayedthroughactivitsin
the Leonard Peler Defense Committe (Toronto) tothe
‘Mohawk peopletohelpthem g food, medicalsuplics,
fuel, .
Now thatthe siege is over and the barricades re
down,hefocusof the sraggle willnowtmtoveards e,
‘upcoming legal bale. As well the Mobawk pscple sre
Justbeginning t0rebuild thelr communitesand urther
the siruggle for Naive selfdetermination. It is sl
esscaial that aid be sent 0 help the Mohaws intheir
ongoing fight.
An account has been set up (since Jub) a1
collecively-runcreditionin Toronto, o elpchancel
funds 0 the Mobawk peopl. To date, over 12,000 has
been rased. To contibute, send money tos
Defense Fund for Mobawk Sovereigaty
o Bread & Roses Credit Union
348 Danforth Ave, Sulte 211
Toronto, Onario.
MAKINS Canada
For more information phone: (416) 9210437
e extraction and processing of these esources. Firt
Nations,exercising politcal autonomy from seule gov-
cmments in contol of thei resources would crste 3
s for Canadian capitalism.
AsNtivesruggls in Canada inensiy, challeng.
ing the Canadian e, s ikelythe govermment wil e
spond withofers of limitedslfgovermment. Thoughis
is kel that some First Natins might take his path,
seeing it a5 a step forward and a chance o change the
desperate cconomic situston faced by Natives, it s
cenain hat many more wil continue o sirgele for e,
reslization of sef-detmination.
More Naive commnities are beganing 1o stand
inphysical defenseoftheir diminishing Lends, esources
and cultare. Confrontatons, ike th one tis summer,
ar inevitable. The sucees o these actons, i advan.
ing Natve stuggles, will be highly dependent upon
Native uaity and non-Native support. On an itema-
tionalleve thiswill mean making Canadian uling clase
intersts abroadthe trget ofprtest and iack.
Solidarity
IsA
Weapon!
‘Amm The Spirit s an in
formation colletive fo-
cusing on milant and
revolutionary strggles
Our perspective is au-
tonomous but we see &
eed 1o discuss and
aralyseal forms of eft.
esisance in order to
contibute 1 2 revol
tionary process. We
welcome and encourage
others 0 jin us in our
La Lucha Continual
‘Subscripions for thisbulletn ae SB.00 o
10isues. We willalso be publishing a magazine that
will expand upon what we cove n the blletin. AL his
moment we have no subsciption rtefor it but we hope
10 publish it i east tviceayear. The bulltn will ome
outalast 0 imes year o0 amar moribly basis. We
are also in the process of seting up & small mailorder
lieratue service. Pleasesend $1 for the mailorder st
Wescceptcash (conceal it well) ormoney orders it
chegues. If sending & money order plesse do not put
*Arm The Spir just leave it blank. We look orward to
hearing from you
Am The Spirt
Box 475,253 Collge St.
Toronto, Ont.
MSTIRS CANADA